基础概念
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/technotes/guides/desc_jdk_structure.html
平时接触较多应该就是如下包Lang、Beans、io、math、net、security、sql、collections 等
JDK(Java Development ToolKit)
包含了Java运行环境（JRE）和开发工具（编译器，调试器，javadoc等）。
javac 将Java代码编译成字节码
JRE(Java Runtime Environment)
它为Java提供了运行环境，其中重要的一环就是通过JVM将字节码解释成可执行的机器码。
JRE由JVM，SEAPI (动态链接库、java包)
JVM(Java Virtual Machine)
Java虚拟机，可以看做是一台抽象化的计算机，它有一套完整的体系架构，包括处理器、堆栈 、寄存器等。
在运行时环境，JVM会将Java字节码解释成机器码。
机器码和平台相关的（不同硬件环境、不同操作系统，产生的机器码不同），所以JVM在不同平台有不同的实现。
目前JDK默认使用的实现是Hotspot VM。
官网结构
最新官网文档
https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/12/
Overview
Tools
1 Tools and Commands Reference
2 Main Tools to Create and Build Applications
3 Language Shell
4 Security Tools and Commands
5 Remote Method Invocation (RMI) Tools and Commands
6 Java Deployment Tools and Commands
7 Monitoring Tools and Commands
8 Java Accessibility Utilities and Commands
9 Troubleshooting Tools and Commands
10 Script CommandsLanguage and Libraries
- Language Updates
- Core Libraries
- JDK HTTP Client
- Java Tutorials
- Modular JDK
- Java Scripting Guide
- Nashorn User’s Guide
Specifications
Security
HotSpot Virtual Machine
Manage and Troubleshoot
Client Technologies
OpenJDK
openJDK下载
http://hg.openjdk.java.net/jdk8u/jdk8u60/hotspot/archive/37240c1019fd.tar.gz
http://hg.openjdk.java.net/jdk8u/jdk8u60/jdk/archive/tip.tar.gz
例如,我们想看java.lang.Thread#sleep(long)的实现
/**
* Causes the currently executing thread to sleep (temporarily cease
* execution) for the specified number of milliseconds, subject to
* the precision and accuracy of system timers and schedulers. The thread
* does not lose ownership of any monitors.
*
* @param millis
* the length of time to sleep in milliseconds
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
* if the value of {@code millis} is negative
*
* @throws InterruptedException
* if any thread has interrupted the current thread. The
* <i>interrupted status</i> of the current thread is
* cleared when this exception is thrown.
*/
public static native void sleep(long millis) throws InterruptedException;
native方法, 即我们常说的JNI——java native Interface ,调用本地接口,一般是将其它编程语言(如 C、C++ 和汇编语言）通过编译生成的动态链接库(编译过程是利用C／C++编译器实现的，在windows平台上，编译和连接的结果是动态链接库DLL文件。当要使用生成的动态链接库时，调用者类中需要显式调用该链接库dll文件。)
这些动态链接库是在JVM启动的时候装载进来的.
更多相关 或阅读 JNI规范
好了回到正题,首先在下载的jdk包中,以下路径src/share/native/java/lang/Thread.c
/*
* Copyright (c) 1994, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
*
* This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
* under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
* published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
* particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
* by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
*
* This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
* version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
* accompanied this code).
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
* 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
* Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
*
* Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
* or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
* questions.
*/
/*-
* Stuff for dealing with threads.
* originally in threadruntime.c, Sun Sep 22 12:09:39 1991
*/
#include "jni.h"
#include "jvm.h"
#include "java_lang_Thread.h"
#define THD "Ljava/lang/Thread;"
#define OBJ "Ljava/lang/Object;"
#define STE "Ljava/lang/StackTraceElement;"
#define STR "Ljava/lang/String;"
#define ARRAY_LENGTH(a) (sizeof(a)/sizeof(a[0]))
static JNINativeMethod methods[] = {
{"start0", "()V", (void *)&JVM_StartThread},
{"stop0", "(" OBJ ")V", (void *)&JVM_StopThread},
{"isAlive", "()Z", (void *)&JVM_IsThreadAlive},
{"suspend0", "()V", (void *)&JVM_SuspendThread},
{"resume0", "()V", (void *)&JVM_ResumeThread},
{"setPriority0", "(I)V", (void *)&JVM_SetThreadPriority},
{"yield", "()V", (void *)&JVM_Yield},
{"sleep", "(J)V", (void *)&JVM_Sleep},
{"currentThread", "()" THD, (void *)&JVM_CurrentThread},
{"countStackFrames", "()I", (void *)&JVM_CountStackFrames},
{"interrupt0", "()V", (void *)&JVM_Interrupt},
{"isInterrupted", "(Z)Z", (void *)&JVM_IsInterrupted},
{"holdsLock", "(" OBJ ")Z", (void *)&JVM_HoldsLock},
{"getThreads", "()[" THD, (void *)&JVM_GetAllThreads},
{"dumpThreads", "([" THD ")[[" STE, (void *)&JVM_DumpThreads},
{"setNativeName", "(" STR ")V", (void *)&JVM_SetNativeThreadName},
};
#undef THD
#undef OBJ
#undef STE
#undef STR
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
Java_java_lang_Thread_registerNatives(JNIEnv *env, jclass cls)
{
(*env)->RegisterNatives(env, cls, methods, ARRAY_LENGTH(methods));
}
一般，从jdk目录下的native目录(可能跟os平台相关)下根据包名路径去找相关的Class名.c文件(Thread.c)，如 即可找到对应的native方法；
如果间接调用了hotspot的实现(jvm会以动态库的形式被加载，prims定义了hotspot与其他模块的接口及其实现)，那么从hotspot/src/share/vm/prims/jvm.cpp文件中可找到JVM_XXX函数(例如JVM_Sleep)的实现。
JVM_ENTRY(void, JVM_Sleep(JNIEnv* env, jclass threadClass, jlong millis))
JVMWrapper("JVM_Sleep");
if (millis < 0) {
THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "timeout value is negative");
}
if (Thread::is_interrupted (THREAD, true) && !HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_InterruptedException(), "sleep interrupted");
}
// Save current thread state and restore it at the end of this block.
// And set new thread state to SLEEPING.
JavaThreadSleepState jtss(thread);
#ifndef USDT2
HS_DTRACE_PROBE1(hotspot, thread__sleep__begin, millis);
#else /* USDT2 */
HOTSPOT_THREAD_SLEEP_BEGIN(
millis);
#endif /* USDT2 */
EventThreadSleep event;
if (millis == 0) {
// When ConvertSleepToYield is on, this matches the classic VM implementation of
// JVM_Sleep. Critical for similar threading behaviour (Win32)
// It appears that in certain GUI contexts, it may be beneficial to do a short sleep
// for SOLARIS
if (ConvertSleepToYield) {
os::yield();
} else {
ThreadState old_state = thread->osthread()->get_state();
thread->osthread()->set_state(SLEEPING);
os::sleep(thread, MinSleepInterval, false);
thread->osthread()->set_state(old_state);
}
} else {
ThreadState old_state = thread->osthread()->get_state();
thread->osthread()->set_state(SLEEPING);
if (os::sleep(thread, millis, true) == OS_INTRPT) {
// An asynchronous exception (e.g., ThreadDeathException) could have been thrown on
// us while we were sleeping. We do not overwrite those.
if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
if (event.should_commit()) {
event.set_time(millis);
event.commit();
}
#ifndef USDT2
HS_DTRACE_PROBE1(hotspot, thread__sleep__end,1);
#else /* USDT2 */
HOTSPOT_THREAD_SLEEP_END(
1);
#endif /* USDT2 */
// TODO-FIXME: THROW_MSG returns which means we will not call set_state()
// to properly restore the thread state. That's likely wrong.
THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_InterruptedException(), "sleep interrupted");
}
}
thread->osthread()->set_state(old_state);
}
if (event.should_commit()) {
event.set_time(millis);
event.commit();
}
#ifndef USDT2
HS_DTRACE_PROBE1(hotspot, thread__sleep__end,0);
#else /* USDT2 */
HOTSPOT_THREAD_SLEEP_END(
0);
#endif /* USDT2 */
JVM_END
贴个Hotspot目录结构(openjdk/hotspot/src/share/tools/launcher/java.c,openjdk8 中，这个启动器不见了，被放在 openjdk/jdk 文件夹下)
├─agent Serviceability Agent的客户端实现
├─make 用来build出HotSpot的各种配置文件
├─src HotSpot VM的源代码
│ ├─cpu CPU相关代码（汇编器、模板解释器、ad文件、部分runtime函数在这里实现）
│ ├─os 操作系相关代码
│ ├─os_cpu 操作系统+CPU的组合相关的代码
│ └─share 平台无关的共通代码
│ ├─tools 工具
│ │ ├─hsdis 反汇编插件
│ │ ├─IdealGraphVisualizer 将server编译器的中间代码可视化的工具
│ │ ├─launcher 启动程序“java”
│ │ ├─LogCompilation 将-XX:+LogCompilation输出的日志（hotspot.log）整理成更容易阅读的格式的工具
│ │ └─ProjectCreator 生成Visual Studio的project文件的工具
│ └─vm HotSpot VM的核心代码
│ ├─adlc 平台描述文件（上面的cpu或os_cpu里的*.ad文件）的编译器
│ ├─asm 汇编器接口
│ ├─c1 client编译器（又称“C1”）
│ ├─ci 动态编译器的公共服务/从动态编译器到VM的接口
│ ├─classfile 类文件的处理（包括类加载和系统符号表等）
│ ├─code 动态生成的代码的管理
│ ├─compiler 从VM调用动态编译器的接口
│ ├─gc_implementation GC的实现
│ │ ├─concurrentMarkSweep Concurrent Mark Sweep GC的实现
│ │ ├─g1 Garbage-First GC的实现（不使用老的分代式GC框架）
│ │ ├─parallelScavenge ParallelScavenge GC的实现（server VM默认，不使用老的分代式GC框架）
│ │ ├─parNew ParNew GC的实现
│ │ └─shared GC的共通实现
│ ├─gc_interface GC的接口
│ ├─interpreter 解释器，包括“模板解释器”（官方版在用）和“C++解释器”（官方版不在用）
│ ├─libadt 一些抽象数据结构
│ ├─memory 内存管理相关（老的分代式GC框架也在这里）
│ ├─oops HotSpot VM的对象系统的实现
│ ├─opto server编译器（又称“C2”或“Opto”）
│ ├─prims HotSpot VM的对外接口，包括部分标准库的native部分和JVMTI实现
│ ├─runtime 运行时支持库（包括线程管理、编译器调度、锁、反射等）
│ ├─services 主要是用来支持JMX之类的管理功能的接口
│ ├─shark 基于LLVM的JIT编译器（官方版里没有使用）
│ └─utilities 一些基本的工具类
└─test 单元测试
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